ENERGY SAVING IN MILK PROCESSING

Abstract

The article shows the results of studies of energy saving methods in milk processing in hardware and technological systems of the agro-industrial complex. It was revealed that an increase in production efficiency is achieved when using spray drying in a scheme with an evaporator. The use of advanced equipment allows you to extract a high-quality product at the output with established qualities with a minimum energy consumption of finished products. It was found that the energy efficiency of the units increases due to the use of additional equipment (separators, product distribution systems, pasteurization and holding unit, installation for elimination of thermophilic bacteria, installation for condensation and evacuation, concentrators, pneumatic coolers, ultrasonic nozzles). It has been proven that a scrubber in an apparatus and technological system for milk processing makes a significant contribution to saving heat in the production of a dry product. These savings, together with product returns, reduce operating costs and capital expenditures. Methods of energy saving with the use of heat recuperators of two types are analyzed: "air-to-air" and "air-liquid-air". It has been found that the recuperator of the first type is effective for a single-stage spray dryer, where the exhaust air is at a high temperature. The ambient air is heated from 10 to 52 ° C. The outgoing air freezes from 93 to 51 ° C. The calculation showed that without a recuperator, the fuel consumption is 175 kg / h, the electricity consumption is 120 kW. With the use of a recuperator, the fuel consumption is 140 kg / h, the electricity consumption is 135 kW. It was found that since the coefficient of thermal exchange for a pair of "air-water" media is higher than for a pair of "air-air", the system of the second type is more efficient than a recuperator of the "air-air" type. Calculations have shown that without a recuperator, fuel consumption in this case is 175 kg / h, electricity consumption is 120 kW. With a recuperator, fuel consumption is 130 kg / h, electricity consumption is 142 kW. The practical output savings are 23%